Homo sapiens Gene: TLR7
Summary
InnateDB Gene IDBG-44230.5
Last Modified 2014-10-13 [Report errors or provide feedback]
Gene Symbol TLR7
Gene Name toll-like receptor 7
Synonyms
Species Homo sapiens
Ensembl Gene ENSG00000196664
Encoded Proteins
toll-like receptor 7
Protein Structure
Useful resources Stemformatics EHFPI ImmGen
InnateDB Annotation
Summary
TLR7 recognizes long single-stranded RNA and short double-stranded RNA.
TLR7 recognizes the single-stranded RNA viruses, vesicular stomatitis virus and influenza virus, resulting in activation of co-stimulatory molecules and production of cytokines.
TLR7-dependent production of inflammatory cytokines can be induced by single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules of non-viral origin.
TLR7, 8 and 9 form a functional subgroup within the TLR family that recognizes pathogen-associated molecular patterns in endosomal/lysosomal compartments.
TLR7/9-mediated innate immune responses via selected TLR pathways can be negatively regulated by a human microsatellite DNA-mimicking oligodeoxynucleotide with CCT repeats.
TLR7-dependent innate immune response is induced by free human T-cell leukemia virus 1 (HTLV-1) in killer plasmacytoid dendritic cells, resulting in high production of IFN-alpha and TRAIL relocalization.
TLR7 is expressed in C-fiber primary sensory neurons and is important for inducing itch (pruritus), but is not necessary for eliciting mechanical, thermal, inflammatory and neuropathic pain. (Demonstrated in murine model)
TLR7 signalling pathway plays a pivotal role in fungal pathogen recognition and is essential for the subsequent IFNB signalling. (Demonstrated in murine model)
TLR7 requires proteolytic processing in endolysosome by asparagine endopeptidase and cathepsin in the endolysosome to initiate signalling. (Demonstrated in murine model)
TLR7 agonists, such as imidazoquinolines, accumulate in the MHC class II loading compartment - this pH-dependent localization is required for the activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
TLR7 inflammatory signalling leads to cardiac fibrosis in autoimmune associated congenital heart block.
TLR7 and TLR8 are translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosome in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, as a consequence, plasmacytoid dendritic cells become dramatically sensitized to TLR7/8 agonists and this may play a role in systemic autoimmunity.
TLR7 is responsible for the detection of retroviruses and serves as a key checkpoint controlling the development of germinal center B cells. (Demonstrated in mice)
TLR7 signalling induces autophagy in HIV-infected plasmacytoid dendritic cells; this process is necessary for the induction of IFN-alpha.
Aberrant TLR7 activation induces Epstein-Barr viral protein LMP1 expression, which exacerbates IFN production in lupus patients.
IFN-λ1 is able to augment TLR-mediated B cell activation, partially attributed to an upregulation of TLR7 expression
InnateDB Annotation from Orthologs
Summary
[Mus musculus] Tlr7, 9, and 3 interact with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane protein UNC93B and this is essential for proper TLR signaling.
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 is expressed in C-fiber primary sensory neurons and is important for inducing itch (pruritus), but is not necessary for eliciting mechanical, thermal, inflammatory and neuropathic pain in mice
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in fungal pathogen recognition and is essential for the subsequent Ifnb signaling.
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 requires proteolytic processing in endolysosome by asparagine endopeptidase and cathepsin in the endolysosome to initiate signalling.
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 agonist, such as imidazoquinolines, accumulate in the MHC class II loading compartment - this pH-dependent localization is required for the activation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. (Demonstrated in human)
[Mus musculus] TLR7 inflammatory signalling leads to cardiac fibrosis in autoimmune associated congenital heart block.. (Demonstrated in human)
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 and Tlr8 are translocated from the endoplasmic reticulum to the endosome in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies, as a consequence, plasmacytoid dendritic cells become dramatically sensitized to Tlr7/8 agonists and this may play a role in systemic autoimmunity.
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 is responsible for the detection of retroviruses and serves as a key checkpoint controlling the development of germinal center B cells.
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 signalling induces autophagy in HIV-infected plasmacytoid dendritic cells; this process is necessary for the induction of IFN-alpha. (Demonstrated in mice)
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 binds to exosomal Mir21 and Mir29a secreted by tumour cells and initiates a prometastatic inflammatory response.
[Mus musculus] Aberrant TLR7 activation induces Epstein-Barr viral protein LMP1 expression, which exacerbates IFN production in lupus patients. (Demonstrated in human)
[Mus musculus] Tlr7 contributes to the control of activated endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) and ERV-induced tumours.
[Mus musculus] Mir126-Kdr axis is an important regulator of the innate response. Mir126 controls the survival and function of plasmacytoid dendritic cells and regulates gene expression of Tlr7, Tlr9, Nfkb1 and Kdr.
[Mus musculus] Treml4 is an essential positive regulator of Tlr7 signalling. Treml4(-/-) macrophages are hyporesponsive to Tlr7 agonists and fail to produce type I interferons due to impaired phosphorylation of Stat1 by Mapk14 and decreased recruitment of Myd88 to Tlr7.
[Mus musculus] Neuronal Tlr7 recognizes endogenous ligands such as the miRNAs Let7c and miR21 and plays a negative role in controlling neuronal growth in a cell-autonomous manner.
[Mus musculus] Extracellular RNA of cardiac origin exhibits a potent pro-inflammatory property in vitro and in vivo and induces cytokine production through Tlr7-Myd88 signalling.
Entrez Gene
Summary The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is predominantly expressed in lung, placenta, and spleen, and lies in close proximity to another family member, TLR8, on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Gene Information
Type Protein coding
Genomic Location Chromosome X:12867083-12890380
Strand Forward strand
Band p22.2
Transcripts
ENST00000380659 ENSP00000370034
ENST00000484204
Interactions
Number of Interactions This gene and/or its encoded proteins are associated with 8 experimentally validated interaction(s) in this database.
They are also associated with 2 interaction(s) predicted by orthology.
Experimentally validated
Total 8 [view]
Protein-Protein 7 [view]
Protein-DNA 1 [view]
Protein-RNA 0
DNA-DNA 0
RNA-RNA 0
DNA-RNA 0
Predicted by orthology
Total 2 [view]
Gene Ontology

Molecular Function
Accession GO Term
GO:0003725 double-stranded RNA binding
GO:0003727 single-stranded RNA binding
GO:0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity
GO:0005515 protein binding
GO:0008144 drug binding
GO:0035197 siRNA binding
Biological Process
GO:0001774 microglial cell activation
GO:0002224 toll-like receptor signaling pathway
GO:0002755 MyD88-dependent toll-like receptor signaling pathway
GO:0006954 inflammatory response
GO:0007165 signal transduction
GO:0007252 I-kappaB phosphorylation
GO:0032722 positive regulation of chemokine production
GO:0032755 positive regulation of interleukin-6 production
GO:0032757 positive regulation of interleukin-8 production
GO:0034154 toll-like receptor 7 signaling pathway
GO:0034162 toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway
GO:0042346 positive regulation of NF-kappaB import into nucleus
GO:0045078 positive regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process
GO:0045087 innate immune response (InnateDB)
GO:0045356 positive regulation of interferon-alpha biosynthetic process
GO:0045359 positive regulation of interferon-beta biosynthetic process
GO:0045416 positive regulation of interleukin-8 biosynthetic process
GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response
GO:0051607 defense response to virus
GO:0071260 cellular response to mechanical stimulus
Cellular Component
GO:0000139 Golgi membrane
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
GO:0005764 lysosome
GO:0005768 endosome
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum
GO:0005789 endoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
GO:0010008 endosome membrane
GO:0016021 integral component of membrane
GO:0032009 early phagosome
GO:0036020 endolysosome membrane
GO:0043235 receptor complex
Orthologs
Species
Mus musculus
Bos taurus
Gene ID
Gene Order
Not yet available
Pathways
NETPATH
REACTOME
TRAF6 mediated IRF7 activation in TLR7/8 or 9 signaling pathway
TRAF6 mediated induction of NFkB and MAP kinases upon TLR7/8 or 9 activation pathway
MyD88 dependent cascade initiated on endosome pathway
Toll Like Receptor 9 (TLR9) Cascade pathway
Trafficking and processing of endosomal TLR pathway
Toll Like Receptor 7/8 (TLR7/8) Cascade pathway
Innate Immune System pathway
Toll-Like Receptors Cascades pathway
Immune System pathway
KEGG
Toll-like receptor signaling pathway pathway
INOH
PID NCI
Cross-References
SwissProt
TrEMBL
UniProt Splice Variant
Entrez Gene
UniGene Hs.659215
RefSeq NM_016562
HUGO
OMIM
CCDS CCDS14151
HPRD 02295
IMGT
EMBL
GenPept
RNA Seq Atlas